Marking and screening telephone calls

ABSTRACT

A system and method that controls calls, such as telephone solicitations, by a calling party to a called party. A switch receives a call from the calling party and marks the call to identify it as a telephone solicitation. Such marking can be performed in various ways, such as altering a forward call indicator of an IAM message if the switch is using an ISUP procedure, or providing a station type with information digits used in multi-frequency signaling. After the call has been marked, it can then be identified by a switch serving the called party as a telephone solicitation. Once identified, the switch then analyzes a profile for the called party and determines how to complete the call. For example, if the profile indicates that the called party does not want to receive telephone solicitations, the call will not be completed to the called party, but instead will receive alternate treatment.

This application is a continuation of U.S. Ser. No. 08/990,109, filedDec. 12, 1997.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The invention relates generally to signaling techniques in atelecommunication system and, more particularly, to a system and methodfor marking calls and allowing a called party to control receipt of thecalls.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Telephone solicitations, especially those that are not based on a priorrelationship, or “cold calls”, are often very time consuming andinefficient for both the calling and the called party. With respect tothe calling party, or telemarketer, a great deal of time is wasted onunproductive phone calls, such as to called parties that are not at homeor who are not receptive to such calls. With respect to the calledparty, or potential consumer, undesired solicitations can be anannoyance, especially at certain times of the day or night.

Typically, the attempted efforts to alleviate the above describedproblems have been directed to the potential consumer. In particular,the efforts have been centered around the calling parties identificationnumber (CLID). For example, many local exchange companies provide an“anonymous call blocking” service which blocks calls with anonymousCLID's. However, this service has several problems. For one, it mayblock too many calls, such as calls from out-of-state pay phones and thelike. For another, many telemarketers buy telecommunication lines thathave no CLID. The anonymous call blocking service does not block thesecalls.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The foregoing problems are solved and a technical advance is achieved bya system and method that controls calls, such as telephonesolicitations, by a calling party to a called party. In one embodiment,a switch receives a call from the calling party and marks the call toidentify it as a telephone solicitation. Such marking can be performedin various ways, such as altering a forward call indicator of an IAMmessage if the switch is using an ISUP procedure, or providing a stationtype with information digits used in multi-frequency signaling.

After the call has been marked, it can then be identified by a switchserving the called party as a telephone solicitation. In some cases, thesame switch that marks the call also identifies the call. Onceidentified, the switch then analyzes a profile for the called party anddetermines how to complete the call. For example, if the profileindicates that the called party does not want to receive telephonesolicitations, the call will not be completed to the called party, butinstead will receive alternate treatment.

An advantage achieved with the present invention is that the callingparty does not waste any time calling parties who are unreceptive tosuch calls.

Another advantage achieved with the present invention is that the calledparty is not inconvenienced with unwanted calls at times when they arenot desired, but can receive such calls at other predetermined times.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a telecommunication system.

FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method for use in the telecommunicationsystem of FIG. 1.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT

Referring to FIG. 1, the reference numeral 10 designates a simplifiedpublic switched telephone network (“PSTN”) that allows a calling party12 to communicate with a called party 14. For the sake of example, thecommunication between the calling party 12 and called party 14 will bevoice communications, although electronic, facsimile, and other types ofcommunications are equally applicable. Furthermore, wireless networks orcombination wired/wireless networks include similar functionality forpurposes of the present example and therefore can readily implement thepresent invention.

The calling party 12 is connected to an originating switch 16 and thecalled party 14 is connected to a terminating switch 18. In continuanceof the example, the switches 16, 18 are local exchange carriers, but mayalternatively be any private branch exchange, central office or networkswitch capable of performing the method steps described below.Furthermore, switches 16 and 18 do not necessarily have to be the sametype of switches.

The switches 16, 18 communicate using a standard protocol, such assignaling system 7 (“SS7”). It will be readily apparent to one ofordinary skill in the art that other types of communication protocol mayalternatively be used to accomplish the method described below.

The calling party 12 is a telemarketer in a dedicated telemarketingfacility (not shown). There are several ways to identify dedicatedtelemarketing facilities. For example, if a line 20 connecting thecalling party 12 to the originating switch 16 is an “out-only” line,e.g., the line has an incoming line restriction, it is most likely aline used for telemarketing. However, to avoid confusion with otherout-only lines, such as are used with pay telephones, a preferredembodiment would have the calling party 12 notify the originating switch16 that it is a telemarketer. This notification can be done by manyways: it may be mandated, such as by governmental regulation; it may berequired by the owner of the originating switch before service isprovided; or it may be retroactively determined by previous complaintsfrom other called parties (not shown).

Once the originating switch 16 is aware that the calling party 12 is atelemarketer, all future calls are marked accordingly. There are severalpotential ways in which to mark the call. Continuing the present examplein which the SS7 protocol is used, an initial address message (“IAM”),which is part of an integrated services digital network user part(“ISUP”) procedure for setting up the connection between the callingparty 12 and called party 14, includes a series of forward callindicators and a calling party station type indicator. Either or both ofthese indicators of the IAM can be used by the originating switch 16 tomark the call so that other switches in the PSTN 10, including theterminating switch 18, can determine that the calling party 12 is atelemarketer.

If, however, the originating switch 16 does not facilitate ISUPprocedures, but instead uses another communication protocol, theoriginating switch 16 can still mark calls indicating that the callingparty 12 is a telemarketer. For example, if the originating switch 16uses multi-frequency signaling, the switch already sends out informationdigits indicating a station type such as a hotel, a pay telephone, aprison, etc. Therefore, another station type can be made available toindicate a telemarketer. In this way, other switches in the PSTN 10,including the terminating switch 18, can determine the station type ofthe calling party 12. Furthermore, the marking of calls can betranslated from one communication protocol to another, depending on theindividual requirements of lines and trunks used by the PSTN 10 toconnect the calling party 12 to the called party 14.

The terminating switch 18 receives and handles the appropriately markedcalls according to a profile established by the called party 14. Theprofile is a record indicating if and/or when the called party iswilling to accept telephone solicitations. The profile may have globalterms, such as “no telephone solicitations” or “all telephonesolicitations”, or may have predefined time periods for telephonesolicitations, such as “weekdays from 9:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m.” Also,profiles may be unique to each customer, or there may be a limitednumber of predefined profiles, such as the three examples describedabove, from which the customer must choose. In the preferred embodiment,the profile is stored in a memory location of the terminating switch 18before the called party is called.

Referring to FIG. 2, once the station type indicators have been definedand a profile 48 has been established, a routine 50 operates tofacilitate telephone solicitations from the calling party 12 to thecalled party 14. At step 52, the calling party 12 initiates a call tothe called party 14. At step 54, the originating switch 16 marks thecall as one originating from a telemarketer. At step 56, the terminatingswitch receives the call. The step of receiving a call may include manyintermediate steps depending on the protocol between the intermediateswitches. These intermediate steps are conventional and well known bythose of ordinary skill in the art and therefore, for the sake ofbrevity, will not be further discussed.

At step 58, the terminating switch 18 retrieves the station type fromthe marked call and compares the station type, along with the currentday and date, with the profile 48. At step 62, the terminating switch 18determines if the call should be completed to the called party 14. Ifthe profile indicates that the called party 14 is accepting telephonesolicitations at the present time, at step 64 the call is connected tothe called party. If, however, the profile does not indicate that thecalled party 14 is accepting telephone solicitations, at step 66 thecall is treated accordingly. Such treatment of the non-completed callcan take many forms. For one, a tone can be placed on the callindicating that the call will not be completed. Alternatively, if theprofile 48 indicates times that the called party is willing to accepttelephone solicitations, the treatment may relay these acceptance timesto the calling party 12.

Alternatively, the method 50 may be performed by a single switch. Forexample, if the calling party 12 and called party 14 share a commonlocal exchange carrier (“LEC”), the LEC may perform all of steps 54 and58-66 itself (step 56 is not required). Furthermore, the LEC may notmark the call at all, thereby skipping step 54 and proceeding directlyto step 58.

In another embodiment, prior to step 64, the terminating switch 18 mayalso interpret the marking on the call so that if the called party has a“caller-ID” service, the caller-ID will properly indicate that the callis a telemarketing call.

Although illustrative embodiments of the invention have been shown anddescribed, other modifications, changes, and substitutions are intendedin the foregoing disclosure. For example, the above system and methodmay easily accommodate many different types of calls, and is not limitedto telemarketing calls. Accordingly, it is appropriate that the appendedclaims be construed broadly and in a manner consistent with the scope ofthe invention.

What is claimed is:
 1. A method for controling calls from a callingparty to a called party, the method comprising the steps of: specifyingat a switch serving the calling party, a category of calls for markingspecifying, at a switch serving the called party, a profile for thecalled party; receiving, at the switch serving the called party, a callfrom the calling party serviced by the switch; if the call is in thespecified category, the switch serving the calling party marking thecall to indicate that the call is in the specified category; receivingthe marked call at a switch servicing analyzing a profile for the calledparty; the switch servicing the called party analyzing a profile for thecalled party; and the switch servicing the called party handling thecall based upon the analysis of the profile for the called party;wherein the specified category of calls is calls originating on atelephone line of a selected type and wherein the selected type oftelephone line is an out-only line having restrictions against incomingcalls and wherein the switches servicing the calling and called partiescommunicate using multi-frequency signaling having information digits.2. The method of claim 1 wherein the profile is unique for the calledparty.
 3. The method of claim 1 wherein the profile is used for aplurality of parties, including the called party.
 4. The method of claim1 wherein the specified category is telemarketing.
 5. A method forcontrolling calls form a calling party to a called party, the methodcomprising the steps of: specifying, at a switch serving the callingparty, a category of calls for marking wherein the specified category ofcalls is calls originating on a telephone line of a selected type andwherein the selected type of telephone line is an out-only line havingrestrictions against incoming calls; specifying, at a switch serving thecalling party, a profile for the called party; receiving, at the switchserving the called party, a call from the calling party serviced by theswitch; if the call is in the specified category, the switch serving thecalling party marking the call to indicate that the call is in thespecified category; receiving the marked call at a switch servicing thecalled party; the switch servicing the called party analyzing a profilefor the called party and handling the marked call based upon theanalysis of the profile for the called party wherein the switchesservicing the calling and called parties communicate using an ISUPprocedure and wherein the step of marking the call includes altering anindicator of an IAM message used in the ISUP procedure.
 6. The method ofclaim 5 wherein the switches servicing the calling and called partiescommunicate using multi-frequency signaling having information digitsand wherein the step of marking the call includes providing a stationtype with the information digits.
 7. The method of claim 5 wherein theprofile indicates whether the called party will (1) accept calls of thespecified category; (2) accept calls of the specified category atselected times; or (3) not accept calls of the specified category andwherein the step of handling the call includes the steps of: connectingthe calling party to the called party if the analysis of the profileindicates that the called party will accept calls of the specifiedcategory; placing a tone on the call indicating non-completion if theanalysis of the profile indicates that the called party will not acceptcalls of the specified category; and informing the calling party of theselected times when the called party will accept the call if theanalysis of the profile indicates that the called party will acceptcalls of the specified category at selected times.
 8. A system forcontrolling calls by a calling party to a called party, the systemcomprising: a switch for servicing the calling party, the switchservicing the calling party including: instructions for marking calls ofa specified category with an indicator of the specified category; theswitch servicing the called party including: instructions fordetermining that the call is in the specified category; a memory forstoring a profile for the called party; instructions for analyzing theprofile for the called party if the call is in the specified category;and instructions for handling the call based upon the analysis of theprofile for the called party; wherein the instructions for marking thecalls of a specified category with an indicator of the specifiedcategory further comprises instructions for marking calls originating ona telephone line of a selected type with an indicator that the calloriginated on the selected type of line and wherein the instructions formarking calls originating on a telephone line of a selected type with anindicator that the call originated on the selected type of telephoneline further comprises instructions for marking calls originating on anout-only line having restrictions against incoming calls with anindicator that the call originated on an out-only line havingrestrictions against incoming calls; and wherein the switches servicingthe calling and called parties communicate using an ISUP procedure andwherein the instructions for marking the call include instructions foraltering an indicator of an IAM message used in the ISUP procedure. 9.The system of claim 8 wherein the profile is unique for the calledparty.
 10. The system of claim 8 wherein the profile is used for aplurality of parties, including the called party.
 11. The system ofclaim 8 and further comprising: means for notifying the called partythat the call is in the specified category.
 12. The system of claim 11wherein the specified category is telemarketing.
 13. The system of claim8 wherein the switches servicing the calling and called partiescommunicate using multi-frequency signaling having information digitsand wherein the instructions for marking the call includes instructionsfor providing a station type with the information digits.
 14. The systemof claim 8 wherein the instructions for the call includes: instructionsfor connecting the calling party to the called party if the profileindicates that the called party will accept calls of the specifiedcategory; instructions for placing a tone on the call indicatingnon-completion if the profile indicates that the called party will notaccept calls of the specified category; and instructions for informingthe calling party when the called party will accept the call if theprofile indicates that the called party will accept calls of thespecified category at selected times.
 15. The method of claim 1 whereinthe specified category of calls is calls originating from a station of aselected type.
 16. The method of claim 15 wherein the selected type ofstation is a telemarketing station.
 17. The system of claim 8 whereinthe instructions for marking calls of a specified category with anindicator of the specified category further comprises instructions formarking calls originating on a telephone line of a selected type with anindicator that the call originated on the selected type of telephoneline.
 18. The system of claim 8 wherein the instructions for markingcalls of a specified category with an indicator of the specifiedcategory further comprises instructions for marking calls originatingfrom a station of a selected type with an indicator that the calloriginated at a station of the selected type.
 19. The system of claim 18wherein instructions for marking calls originating from a station of aselected type with an indicator that the call originated at a station ofthe selected type further comprises instructions for marking callsoriginating from a telemarketing station with an indicator that the calloriginated at a telemarketing station.